A Case Study of Caregivers’ Social Skills Use in Practice: Interviews and an Observation about Interactions with Care Recipients

Conference: The Asian Conference on Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences (ACP2022)
Title: A Case Study of Caregivers’ Social Skills Use in Practice: Interviews and an Observation about Interactions with Care Recipients
Stream: Qualitative/Quantitative Research in any other area of Psychology
Presentation Type: Virtual Poster Presentation
Authors:
Sayumi Miyake, Okayama University, Japan
Tomoko Tanaka, Okayama University, Japan
Sachiko Nakano, Yamaguchi University, Japan

Abstract:

This research is a qualitative psychological study of caregivers. To gain knowledge about social skills caregivers use to form good interpersonal relationships with care recipients in nursing homes, we conducted survey (A); a preliminary interview, and survey (B); an observation and post-interview survey at a facility for disabled people. The informant had seven years of experience as a caregiver. First, we interviewed the informant about forming relationships with care recipients, then extracted and classified his social skills using the KJ method. The obtained 65 social skills were classified into five categories: "communication and information transfer", "forming and maintaining relationships", "manner and attitude", "trouble dealing and prevention", and "general tasks". In the second phase, the observation and post-interview records were combined. Again, the KJ method extracted and classified social skills and situations. The 209 social skills obtained were classified into five categories as in the preliminary interview survey. Skills of "forming and maintaining relationships" were in the majority throughout the surveys. In contrast, skills classified as "general tasks", were the least used in the first survey and were second most used in the post-interview phase. In this study, we learned how to apply social skills to form good interpersonal relationships. Moreover, the observational study suggested the importance of working with the people and environment around the caregiver and the direct productive relationship. This information could not be captured by the interview survey alone.

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